PGRI challenges in reform era

Reform era is a period marked by a change to form a completely new order better to achieve the goal. Changes in the reform are changes made to the conceptual and constitutional strategies and programs more effectively in an atmosphere of civil society. As for the objectives of the reform is to achieve a new order of life and better society in civil society that is democratic, prosperous and religious. In the current era of reform, for PGRI there are at least three scope of the challenge to be faced: 1) the challenges are global (international), 2) national challenge 3) organizational challenges.
1) The global challenge is the tendency of a future life, especially in this 21st century. Which is marked by many changes that take place rapidly, especially in science and technology with all its effects. 21st century is marked by the so-called era of globalization with all sorts of changes and uniqueness. Overall, the era of globalization characterized by
a. the dependency among nations,
b. Competitive atmosphere in all areas especially in the economy,
c. view of human behavior and more homogeneous,
d. artificial tendency of values and ethics.
2) National challenge comes from the development of the reform movement in all fields especially in the political field as a corrective to some of the weaknesses of the New Order era. National Challenge is a form of national order shift in political life, government, social, cultural and economic.
3) An organizational challenge is the challenge that comes from a change in the lives of various organizations because of global and national development.

PGRI ROLE IN THE NEW ORDER (orde baru) / DEVELOPMENT

Events G.30S/PKI treason against Pancasila, UUD 1945, the Indonesian nation and homeland that brought the victim fall of the heroes of the revolution, have been simultaneously building a bed Indonesian people from deception actions of the PKI.
The students and the students appear on the front lines "down the street" waving the banner of fighting as a mandate TRITURA justice and truth that claim to be the conscience of the people.
Meanwhile the rest of the rebellion G.30S/PKI in both Jakarta and in other areas continue to be destroyed by the army with the people under the leadership of General Suharto. The exit Command Letter March 11 (SUPERSEMAR) of President Sukarno, to General Suharto, has opened a new chapter in the life of our nation and state. It must be admitted mentally from the ways and the old patterns is not easy, although the CPI itself has been dissolved and banned. With fortitude, perseverance and wisdom holders Supersemar (General Suharto), the situation can really be saved and the State to avoid a rupture hazard.
In this period of upheaval that too did not bit the teachers, especially in areas that suffered, died and sacrificed for the sake of justice and truth to back purely to the ideals of the independence proclamation of August 17 '45.
Outstanding achievements during the New Order government under the leadership of Pak Harto da include the creation of security stability, social politics and the economy gradually become better, thus giving a strong foundation to move forward to development efforts in order to charge and the achievement of business goals independence. Yet it is unfortunate that the New Order government has done commendable deeds do not include: restraint toward democracy, many arising from corruption, and violations of human rights.

PGRI affected the interests of political groups from outside (the 60's)

Indonesian people experiencing:
- The life of a liberal democracy (1950-1959)
- The life of democracy (1959-1965)
The first elections (1955/1956), would have been a single event that is important for political parties to measure their respective strengths. Since then they compete to win the election. Deliberately formed student organization and is affiliated to the world environment for teacher training. IGM college existence, PGI, PGK of others. The position of an organization that is independent and non political parties are sometimes unique destiny. In one sense he was rescued and supported to continue as appropriate bias (Formel), on the other side to enter the effect can speak and act in one language. This tactic is pursued, especially by the CPI, where he has a tactic not necessary to establish a new organization. This situation is really difficult for PGRI, and this must really be felt by the members and leaders PGRI truly non-party individuals, without any undertaking PGRI frill other missions. PGRI identity (Unitaristis, independent and non political parties) can save themselves against the principle of "machtsvorming and mactsaanwending" which comes from education, and welfare of teachers.

PGRI struggle during 1959-1965

In front of PGRI's early life began in the 1950s more intensively engaged in efforts to improve the welfare and education. Since that time PGRI serves two tasks: the union as an organization and as an organization of educators. Since the eighth congress in 1956 in Bandung, "balance" began nurtured.
Below is an accomplished and noted that those businesses which can not be separated from PGRI namely:
a. in the field to the union, among others:
- Since the year 1948 PGRI PB participated in the State Employee Salaries committee (until PGP/1995), first and then your brother Soeyono Kromodimulyo ME Subiadinata.
- Costs of labor (new salary incasing PP-16/1950)
- Improving the position of technical teachers (STP)
- Appointment of a special guide for teachers
- Specific guidelines increase the level of teachers
b. in education, among others:
- Dissemination of "Voice Teacher" with the mission as a professional journal for teacher training / education (omslag in 1952 to 40,000 exemplar)
- Attention to the PP. NO. 65/1951
- Attention to the Act. NO. 4 / 1950 JO NO. 12 1954
- Elimination of SG. 2 years with the principle that elementary teachers who graduate from a minimum of SGB.
- Attention to censor the film, before the year 1970 is included as a committee PGRI sensor
c. Other efforts
PGRI tried also carry out activities in the field of welfare through the collection of own resources and funds both locally and regionally. Teachers are generally formed cooperatives in all regions PGRI branch. PGRI office buildings coupled cooperative dibinanya teacher.

PGRI role of saving education in liberal democracy era

Year 1959-1962 is still the independence, but overshadowed by the dawn had begun to "split", due to the influence of political groups abroad.
Years 1950-1962 era efforts and struggle PGRI truly seen and felt by the teachers and the community. Tens of thousands of teachers graduated from CVO / OVVO and so have increased PSGB-PSGA diploma and beyond. PGRI schools eventually turned into Public Schools (especially SMP-SMP) in these areas.
Year 1962-1965 is a bitter period for which the break PGRI PGRI due not to the interests of teachers and the teaching profession, but because of political ambition from the outside of the proposition "Machts vorming and macthanwonding". This split is truly accepted principle within the world of further education because of safety issues regarding the ideals of the proclamation of August 17, 1945 and the new generation, namely:
1. divisions threaten teachers who can also result in cleavage of the students (new generation).
2. threaten the safety of the Pancasila and the proclamation of independence August 17, 1945 with a PKI faction expressed by the education system and Pancatinggi Pancacita.
Year 1965-1972 is a new order era of consolidation and restructuring as well as time went on and adjust the organization firmly and precisely. Efforts undertaken by national kederasi new PGRI once, namely in 1957 in Jakarta, in July 1973 next month in a row held in Bandung, Yogyakarta, East Java (East Java).

PGRI birth

Proclamation of independence of the Republic of Indonesia on August 17, 1945 by Bung Karno and Bung Hatta as representatives of the Indonesian nation, reorganize public life fairy nation in various fields. The first challenge is to seize the power of government was born from the hands of Japanese troops and maintain Arau residents to uphold the independence from Dutch colonial army attacks, which protects under allied troops trying to restore his power again in Indonesia. On Sunday November 25, 1945, under Allied bombs and the thump of NICA who inhabit the city of Surakarta, the first congress participants PGRI Teachers perform the ceremony (at the time called the reception) the closing of the first congress PGRI. Congress immediately disbanded and returned to duty respectively. Indonesian Teachers Association has stood PGRI abbreviated.
PGRI Congress itself lasted for two days ie Saturday and Sunday December 24 and 25 November 1945. Records collected, among others, first meeting minutes dated 24 November 1945 at the time decided the establishment of PGRI, and on November 25 as the closing and congressional receptions. The idea of formation of the teachers union began from a meeting sponsored by the father of RH. Koesnan, Head Teacher Princess in the way of Kartini, Surakarta (now the Junior High School 3 and 10 Surakarta). Present at the meeting include: Mr RH. Koesnan as initiators, Mr. Moch. Husodo, Mr Siswowidjojo, and Mr Baroyan. Place the congress elected school teacher's daughter, who occupied the school building at the former school van Deventer easterlies, with consideration of the father KH. Koesnan as head of the school and became chairperson of PGRI and the school has a dormitory.
In the first meeting of the congress stipulates that each district in each of java are entitled to one vote. Bali and Lombok one voice, while Sumatra gain a voice. Valid votes received by the congress are 85 votes. The atmosphere of independence and the struggle is coloring the congress so often heard shouted "independence" on the sidelines of the debate and noisy siding-trial, which in snacks boom sound bombs and bullets whir around the congress venue.

PGRI in Japan era

In the days of Japanese occupation in Indonesia, practically none of community organizations that appear unless the organization form of Japanese. In Jakarta, among others, once there is one form of teachers' unions with a "TEACHER" Lions led by brothers Amin was accompanied by some school principals are Adam Bachtiar saudarqa Soebroto, Ny. Wawuruntu and others. But no clear organizational form.
Lagu Lagu Indonesia Raya Kimigayo allowed in addition, however, all associations / unions are prohibited, thus becomes frozen PGI can not be moved.
Teachers and activists in the teaching environment more took the opportunity to move as leaders of organizations of PETA (Defenders of the Homeland), Keibodan, Seinenden, Fuzikai (for female teachers) and so forth. Which all eventually berhikmah a means to accelerate the growth process, the national consciousness, forming the national unity and a sense of passion to the homeland and the nation's independence as soon as possible.
In September 1942, the Japanese government began to open and Upper Secondary Schools, including vocational schools, such as: Poor Gakko (School Teacher), Kasei Jo Gakko (School of Intelligence Princess), and others.
Although Japan is not good to leave a history of suffering, poverty and hunger and cruelty and deceit, but it must be recognized that in some cases they bring good juaga, such as:
1. the love of the homeland is no longer on the lips only.
2. self-esteem grow and appear correctly on the Indonesian community.